Phetoho e potlakileng ea lefats'e ho likoloi tsa motlakase (EVs) e hlile e fetola likarolo tsa lipalangoang le tsa matla. Ho latela International Energy Agency (IEA), thekiso ea EV ea lefats'e e fihlile rekoto ea li-unit tse limilione tse 14 ka 2023, e leng karolo ea hoo e ka bang 18% ea thekiso ea likoloi lefatšeng ka bophara. Ho lebeletsoe hore lebelo lena le tsoele pele, ka likhakanyo tse bontšang hore li-EV li ka emela ho feta 60% ea thekiso ea likoloi tse ncha limmarakeng tse kholo ka 2030. Ka lebaka leo, tlhokahalo ea lisebelisoa tse ka tšeptjoang le tse fumanehang tsa ho tjhaja e ntse e phahama. BloombergNEF e hakanya hore ka 2040, lefats'e le tla hloka lintlha tse fetang limilione tse 290 ho ts'ehetsa likepe tse ntseng li hola tsa EV. Bakeng sa basebetsi le bo-ramatsete, ts'ebetso ena e fana ka monyetla oa khoebo o ikhethang le o nakong oa liteishene tsa ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase, e fanang ka monyetla oa kholo e tsitsitseng le meputso e kholo tikolohong e ntseng e tsoela pele ea matla a hloekileng.
Overview Market
Mmaraka oa lefats'e oa liteishene tsa ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase o hola ka mokhoa o hlakileng, o susumetsoang ke ho amoheloa ha EV, maano a ts'ehetso a mmuso, le lipheo tse kholo tsa ho se nke lehlakore ka khabone. Amerika Leboea le Europe, meralo e matla ea taolo le matsete a mangata a sechaba a potlakisitse ho romelloa ha litšebeletso tsa motheo tse lefisang. Ho ea ka European Alternative Fuels Observatory, Europe e ne e e-na le lintlha tse fetang 500,000 tsa litefiso tsa sechaba qetellong ea 2023, ka merero ea ho fihla ho limilione tse 2.5 ka 2030. Amerika Leboea le eona e ntse e eketseha ka potlako, e tšehetsoa ke lichelete tsa federal le litšusumetso tsa boemo ba naha. Sebaka sa Asia-Pacific, se etelletsoeng pele ke China, e ntse e le 'maraka o moholo ka ho fetisisa, o ikarabellang ho feta 60% ea liteishene tsa ho tjhaja lefatšeng ka bophara. Hantle-ntle, Bochabela bo Hare bo hlaha e le moeli o mocha oa kholo, 'me linaha tse kang United Arab Emirates le Saudi Arabia li tsetela haholo meahong ea EV ho fapanyetsana moruo oa tsona le ho fihlela lipehelo tsa ts'ebetso. BloombergNEF e bolela esale pele hore 'maraka oa lefats'e oa liteishene tsa litefiso o tla feta $121 bilione ka 2030, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo (CAGR) sa 25.5%. Ponahalo ena e matla e fana ka liteishene tse ngata tsa ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase menyetla ea khoebo bakeng sa basebelisi, batseteli le bafani ba theknoloji lefatšeng ka bophara.
Ponelopele ea Khōlo ea Seteishene sa ho Chaja sa EV ka Sebaka se Seholo (2023-2030)
| Sebaka | 2023 Liteishene tsa ho tjhaja | 2030 Forecast | CAGR (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| amerika e leboea | 150,000 | 800,000 | 27.1 |
| Europe | 500,000 | 2,500,000 | 24.3 |
| Asia-Pacific | 650,000 | 3,800,000 | 26.8 |
| Bochabela bohareng | 10,000 | 80,000 | 33.5 |
| Lefatšeng ka bophara | 1,310,000 | 7,900,000 | 25.5 |
Mefuta ea liteishene tsa ho tjhaja
Mohato 1 (Ho tjhaja butle)
Boemo ba 1 ba ho tjhaja bo sebelisa lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa ntlo (120V) tse nang le matla a fokolang, hangata 1.4-2.4 kW. E loketse ho tjhaja ka bosiu bo le bong malapeng kapa liofising, ho fana ka sebaka sa lik'hilomithara tse 5-8 ka hora. Le hoja e boloka chelete e ngata ebile e le bonolo ho e kenya, e batla e tsamaea butle 'me e loketse leeto la letsatsi le letsatsi le maemong ao likoloi li ka lulang li hoketsoe nako e telele.
Mohato 2 (Ho tjhaja Hare-hare)
Li-charger tsa Level 2 li sebetsa ho 240V, li fana ka matla a 3.3-22 kW. Ba ka eketsa bolelele ba lik'hilomithara tse 20-100 ka hora, ba etsa hore ba tuma libakeng tsa bolulo, tsa khoebo le tsa sechaba. Ho tjhaja ha Level 2 ho fana ka tekanyo pakeng tsa lebelo le ditjeho, tse loketseng beng ba bangata ba poraefete le borakgwebo, mme ke mofuta o atileng haholo ditoropong le diteropong.
DC Fast Charging (Ho tjhaja kapele)
DC Fast charger (DCFC) hangata e fana ka 50-350 kW, e nolofalletsang li-EV tse ngata ho fihlella tefiso ea 80% nakong ea metsotso e 30. E loketse libaka tsa litšebeletso tsa litsela tse kholo le libaka tsa literopo tse nang le sephethephethe se phahameng. Le ha e hloka matla a marang-rang a marang-rang le matsete, DCFC e ntlafatsa haholo boiketlo ba basebelisi mme e bohlokoa bakeng sa maeto a malelele le linyeoe tsa tšebeliso ea maqhubu a holimo.
Liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa setjhaba
Liteishene tsa sechaba tsa ho tjhaja li fumaneha ho basebelisi bohle ba EV 'me hangata li fumaneha litsing tsa mabenkele, liofising le litsing tsa lipalangoang. Ponahalo ea bona e phahameng le phihlello ea bona e hohela phallo e tsitsitseng ea bareki le mefuta e fapaneng ea lekeno, e ba etsa karolo ea bohlokoa ea menyetla ea khoebo.
Liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tse ikemetseng
Liteishene tsa poraefete tsa tefiso li boloketsoe basebelisi ba itseng kapa mekhatlo e itseng, joalo ka mekhatlo ea lik'hamphani kapa libaka tsa bolulo. Ho ikhetholla ha bona le taolo e feto-fetohang li li etsa hore li tšoanelehe bakeng sa maemo a hlokang tšireletso le taolo e phahameng.
Liteishene tsa ho tjhaja Fleet
Liteishene tsa ho tjhaja ka bongata li etselitsoe likepe tsa khoebo tse kang litekesi, lipalangoang le likoloi tse palameng, tse shebaneng le ho hlophisa hantle le ho tjhaja matla a maholo. Li tšehetsa tsamaiso e bohareng le ho romela ka bohlale, ho sebetsa e le sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa matla.
Boemo ba 1 VS Level 2 VS DC Fast Chaging Comparison
| Mofuta | Ho tjhaja Voltage | Nako ea ho tjhaja | Litšenyehelo |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ho tjhaja ha Level 1 | 120V (Amerika Leboea) / 220V (libaka tse ling) | Lihora tse 8-20 (tefiso e felletseng) | Theko e tlase ea lisebelisoa, ho kenya habonolo, litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa motlakase |
| Level 2 Ho tjhaja | 208-240V | Lihora tse 3-8 (tefiso e felletseng) | Litšenyehelo tsa lisebelisoa tse itekanetseng, li hloka ho kenngoa ha setsebi, litšenyehelo tsa motlakase tse itekanetseng |
| DC Fast Charging | 400V-1000V | 20-60 metsotso (80% tefiso) | Thepa e phahameng le litšenyehelo tsa ho kenya, litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa motlakase |
Menyetla ea mekhoa ea khoebo le melemo ea liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV
Borui bo Feletseng
Ho ba beng ka botlalo ho bolela hore motseteli ka boikemelo o fana ka lichelete, o aha, mme o tsamaisa seteishene sa ho tjhaja, a boloka thepa eohle le lekeno. Moetso ona o tšoanela mekhatlo e nang le chelete e ngata e batlang taolo ea nako e telele, joalo ka likhamphani tse kholo tsa thekiso ea matlo kapa matla a Europe le Amerika Leboea. Mohlala, moetsi oa lipaka tsa liofisi tsa US a ka kenya liteishene tsa ho tjhaja sebakeng sa hae, a fumana chelete ka ho lefisa le ho paka makoloi. Le hoja kotsi e phahame, ho joalo le ka monyetla oa ho fumana phaello e feletseng le kananelo ea thepa.
Mohlala oa Tšebelisano
Mokhoa oa tšebelisano 'moho o kenyelletsa mekha e mengata e arolelanang matsete le ts'ebetso, joalo ka litšebelisano tsa sechaba le tsa poraefete (PPP) kapa lilekane tsa khoebo. Litšenyehelo, likotsi, le phaello li ajoa ka tumellano. Ka mohlala, UK, mebuso ea libaka e ka sebelisana le lifeme tsa matla ho kenya liteishene tsa ho tjhaja ka lotho ea sechaba-mmuso o fana ka mobu, lik'hamphani li sebetsana le ho kenya le ho hlokomela, 'me phaello e arolelanoa. Mohlala ona o fokotsa kotsi ea motho ka mong mme o eketsa katleho ea lisebelisoa.
Franchise Model
Moetso oa franchise o lumella batseteli ho sebelisa liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tse nang le mabitso tlasa tumellano ea laesense, ho fumana phihlello ea khoebo, theknoloji le ts'ehetso ea ts'ebetso. Sena se tšoanela li-SME kapa bo-rakhoebo, ba nang le litšitiso tse tlase le kotsi e arolelanoang. Mohlala, marang-rang a mang a Europe a tjhajang a fana ka menyetla ea franchise, a fana ka sethala se kopaneng le lits'ebetso tsa litefiso, 'me barekisi ba arolelanoa chelete konteraka ka 'ngoe. Moetso ona o thusa ho hola ka potlako empa o hloka ho arolelana chelete le franchisor.
Melapo ea Lekeno
1. Litefiso tsa ho lefa ka tšebeliso
Basebelisi ba lefa ho ipapisitsoe le motlakase o sebelisitsoeng kapa nako e sebelisitsoeng ho tjhaja, mohloli o hlakileng oa chelete.
2. Merero ea Litho kapa Lipeeletso
Ho fana ka merero ea khoeli le khoeli kapa ea selemo ho basebelisi khafetsa ho eketsa botšepehi le ho tsitsisa chelete e kenang.
3. Litšebeletso tse ekelitsoeng ke boleng
Litšebeletso tse ling tse kang libaka tsa ho paka makoloi, liphatlalatso le mabenkele a bonolo li hlahisa chelete e eketsehileng.
4. Litšebeletso tsa Grid
Ho kenya letsoho ho leka-lekanya grid ka polokelo ea matla kapa karabelo ea tlhoko ho ka hlahisa lithuso kapa chelete e eketsehileng.
Seteishene sa ho tjhaja Papiso ea Mohlala oa Khoebo
| Mohlala | Tsetelo | Monyetla oa Lekeno | Boemo ba Kotsi | E loketseng Bakeng sa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Borui bo Feletseng | Phahameng | Phahameng | Mahareng | Basebetsi ba kholo, beng ba matlo |
| Franchise | Mahareng | Mahareng | Tlase | Li-SME, bo-rakhoebo |
| Tšebelisano 'moho le Sechaba | E arolelanoe | Mahareng-Hodimo | Tlase-Bohareng | Bomasepala, lisebelisoa |
Monyetla oa Seteishene sa ho tjhaja sa EV Siting & Installation
Sebaka sa Leano
Ha u khetha sebaka sa seteishene sa ho tjhaja, etelletsa pele libaka tse nang le sephethephethe se seholo joalo ka litsi tsa mabenkele, meaho ea liofisi le litsi tsa lipalangoang. Libaka tsena li netefatsa ts'ebeliso e phahameng ea tjhaja mme li ka khothaletsa ts'ebetso ea khoebo e haufi. Mohlala, libaka tse ngata tsa mabenkele tsa Europe li kenya li charger tse potlakileng tsa Level 2 le DC libakeng tsa bona tsa ho paka, li khothaletsa beng ba likoloi tsa likoloi ho reka ha ba ntse ba tjhaja. Naheng ea Amerika, baetsi ba lirapa ba bang ba liofisi ba sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja ho phahamisa boleng ba thepa le ho hohela bahiri ba pele. Liteishene tse haufi le lireschorente le mabenkele li eketsa nako ea basebedisi ea ho lula le menyetla ea ho rekisa lintho tse ngata, e leng se etsang hore barekisi le likhoebo tsa lehae ba atlehe.
Matla a Grid le Litlhoko tsa Ntlafatso
Tlhokahalo ea matla ea liteishene tsa ho tjhaja, haholo li-charger tse potlakileng tsa DC, e phahame haholo ho feta ea lits'ebeletso tse tloaelehileng tsa khoebo. Khetho ea sebaka sa marang-rang e tlameha ho kenyelletsa tlhahlobo ea matla a gridi ea lehae, 'me ho ka hlokahala tšebelisano le lits'ebeletso bakeng sa lintlafatso kapa ho kenya li-transformer. Mohlala, UK, litoropo tse rerang libaka tse kholo tsa ho tjhaja ka potlako hangata li hokahana le lik'hamphani tsa motlakase ho boloka matla a lekaneng esale pele. Moralo o nepahetseng oa marang-rang ha o ame feela ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso empa hape o ama ts'ebetso ea nako e tlang le taolo ea litšenyehelo.
Tumello le Boikamahanyo
Ho aha seteishene sa ho tjhaja ho hloka mangolo a tumello a mangata le ho latela melaoana, ho kenyeletsoa tšebeliso ea mobu, polokeho ea motlakase le likhoutu tsa mollo. Melao e fapana ho pholletsa le Europe le Amerika Leboea, kahoo ho bohlokoa ho etsa lipatlisiso le ho fumana tumello e hlokahalang. Mohlala, Jeremane e tiisa melao e thata ea polokeho ea motlakase le ts'ireletso ea data bakeng sa tjhaja ea sechaba, athe linaha tse ling tsa US li hloka hore liteishene li latele ADA. Ho lumellana ho fokotsa likotsi tsa molao 'me hangata ke ntho e hlokahalang bakeng sa likhothaletso tsa mmuso le tšepo ea sechaba.
Ho kopanya le Smart Energy Management Systems
Ka ho phahama ha lisebelisoa tse nchafalitsoeng le li-grid tse bohlale, ho kopanya litsamaiso tsa taolo ea matla liteisheneng tsa ho tjhaja e se e le ntho e tloaelehileng. Taolo ea thepa e matla, litheko tsa nako ea tšebeliso, le polokelo ea matla li thusa basebelisi ho ntlafatsa tšebeliso le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo. Ka mohlala, marang-rang a mang a ho tjhaja a Madache a sebelisa lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho AI ho fetola matla a ho tjhaja a ipapisitse le litheko tsa motlakase oa nako ea nnete le mojaro oa grid. California, liteishene tse ling li kopanya liphanele tsa letsatsi le polokelo ho nolofalletsa ts'ebetso ea khabone e tlase. Tsamaiso e bohlale e eketsa phaello mme e ts'ehetsa lipakane tsa ts'ebetso.
EV Menyetla ea Khoebo Tlhahlobo ea Lichelete
Investment le Khutliso
Ho ea ka pono ea opareitara, matsete a pele setsing sa ho tjhaja a kenyelletsa theko ea thepa, boenjiniere ba sechaba, khokahanyo ea marang-rang le lintlafatso, le tumello. Mofuta oa tjhaja o na le tšusumetso e kholo ho litjeho. Mohlala, naheng ea Amerika, BloombergNEF e tlaleha hore ho aha seteishene sa DC se tjhajang kapele (DCFC) ho etsa kakaretso ea $28,000 ho isa ho $140,000, athe liteishene tsa Level 2 hangata li tloha ho $5,000 ho isa ho $20,000. Khetho ea sebaka e boetse e ama matsete - libaka tsa toropo kapa tse nang le sephethephethe se phahameng li na le litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa rente le ho nchafatsa. Haeba ho hlokahala lintlafatso tsa grid kapa ho kengoa li-transformer, tsena li lokela ho etsoa tekanyetso esale pele.
Litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso li kenyelletsa motlakase, tlhokomelo ea lisebelisoa, litefiso tsa litšebeletso tsa marang-rang, inshorense le basebetsi. Litšenyehelo tsa motlakase li fapana ho ea ka litefiso tsa lehae le tšebeliso ea liteishene. Ka mohlala, Europe, theko ea motlakase ea nako e telele e ka ba holimo, kahoo basebelisi ba ka khona ho ntlafatsa tšebeliso ea eona ka kemiso e bohlale le litheko tsa nako ea tšebeliso. Litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo li ipapisitse le palo ea li charger, khafetsa ea tšebeliso, le maemo a tikoloho; tlhahlobo ea kamehla e khothalletsoa ho lelefatsa bophelo ba lisebelisoa le ho fokotsa ho hloleha. Litefiso tsa litšebeletso tsa marang-rang li koahela mekhoa ea ho lefa, ho shebella hole, le tsamaiso ea data-ho khetha sethala se sebetsang hantle ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso.
Phaello
Liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tse sebakeng se setle le tse sebelisoang haholo, li kopantsoe le lithuso le litšusumetso tsa mmuso, hangata li fumana moputso nakong ea lilemo tse 3-5. Mohlala, Jeremane, mmuso o fana ka lithuso tse fihlang ho 30-40% bakeng sa meaho e mecha ea ho tjhaja, e fokotsang haholo litlhoko tsa pele tsa chelete. Linaha tse ling tsa US li fana ka likalimo tsa lekhetho le likalimo tsa tsoala e tlase. Phapanyetsano ea mekhoa ea lekhetho (mohlala, ho paka makoloi, papatso, merero ea litho) ho thusa ho fokotsa kotsi le ho eketsa phaello ka kakaretso. Mohlala, mosebeletsi oa Dutch ea sebelisanang le mabenkele a mabenkele ha a fumane chelete feela ka ho lefisa empa hape le ka papatso le kabo ea lekeno la mabenkele, a eketsa haholo chelete e kenang sebakeng ka seng.
Mokhoa o qaqileng oa lichelete
1. Karohano ea Pele ea Matsete
Theko ea thepa (mohlala, tjhaja e potlakileng ea DC): $60,000/yuniti
Mesebetsi ea sechaba le ho kenya: $20,000
Khokahano ea grid le ntlafatso: $15,000
Tumello le ho latela: $5,000
Kakaretso ea matsete (ka sebaka sa marang-rang, lijajara tse potlakileng tsa 2 DC): $160,000
2. Litšenyehelo tsa Ts'ebetso ea Selemo le Selemo
Motlakase (ha re re 200,000 kWh/selemo e rekisitsoe, $0.18/kWh): $36,000
Tlhokomelo le litokiso: $6,000
Tšebeletso ea marang-rang le tsamaiso: $4,000
Inshorense le basebetsi: $4,000
Kakaretso ea litšenyehelo tsa selemo le selemo: $50,000
3. Forecast ea Lekeno le Khutliso
Tefiso ea ho lefisa motho ka mong ($0.40/kWh × 200,000 kWh): $80,000
Chelete e ekelitsoeng ea boleng (ho paka, papatso): $10,000
Kakaretso ea chelete ea selemo: $90,000
Phaello ea selemo le selemo: $40,000
Nako ea ho lefa: $160,000 ÷ $40,000 = lilemo tse 4
Thuto-pale
Nyeoe: Seteishene sa ho tjhaja kapele ho Central Amsterdam
Sebaka sa ho tjhaja ka potlako bohareng ba Amsterdam (lijajara tse 2 tsa DC), se sebakeng se seholo sa ho paka makoloi mabenkeleng. Matsete a pele a ne a ka ba €150,000, ka 30% ea lithuso tsa masepala, kahoo opereishene e lefile €105,000.
Bophahamo ba ho tjhaja ka selemo ke hoo e ka bang 180,000 kWh, kakaretso ea theko ea motlakase €0.20/kWh, le theko ea tšebeletso €0.45/kWh.
Litšenyehelo tsa selemo le selemo tsa ts'ebetso li ka ba €45,000, ho kenyeletsoa motlakase, tlhokomelo, tšebeletso ea sethala le basebetsi.
Litšebeletso tsa tlatsetso ea boleng (papatso, kabo ea lekeno la mabenkele) li tlisa € 8,000 / selemo.
Kakaretso ea lekeno la selemo ke €88,000, ka phaello e ka bang €43,000, e bakang nako ea tefo ea lilemo tse ka bang 2.5.
Ka lebaka la sebaka sa eona sa mantlha le mehloli e fapaneng ea lekeno, sebaka sena se natefeloa ke ts'ebeliso e phahameng le mamello e matla ea likotsi.
Mathata le Likotsi Europe le Amerika Leboea
1.Potlako e potlakileng ea Theknoloji
Liteishene tse ling tse tjhajang ka potlako tse hahiloeng ke mmuso oa toropo ea Oslo methating ea pele li ile tsa seke tsa sebelisoa hobane li ne li sa tšehetse maemo a morao-rao a matla a phahameng (joalo ka 350kW ultra-fast charging). Basebelisi ba ile ba tlameha ho tsetela ho ntlafatso ea lisebelisoa ho fihlela litlhoko tsa li-EV tsa moloko o mocha, ho totobatsa kotsi ea ho theoha ha thepa ka lebaka la tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji.
2.Ho matlafatsa Tlholisano ea Marakeng
Palo ea liteishene tsa ho tjhaja toropong ea Los Angeles e eketsehile lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka likhamphani tse qalang le tse kholo tsa matla li qothisana lehlokoa le libaka tse kholo. Basebelisi ba bang ba hohela basebelisi ka ho paka makoloi mahala le meputso ea botšepehi, e bakang tlholisano e matla ea litheko. Sena se entse hore menyetla ea phaello e fokotsehe ho basebetsi ba banyenyane, 'me ba bang ba qobelleha ho tsoa 'marakeng.
3.Litšitiso tsa Grid le ho Fetola ha Theko ea Matla
Liteishene tse ling tse sa tsoa hahoa ka potlako London li ile tsa tobana le tieho ea likhoeli tse ngata ka lebaka la ho se lekane ha marang-rang le tlhoko ea lintlafatso. Sena se ile sa ama kemiso ea tšebetso. Nakong ea koluoa ea matla ea matla a 2022 Europe, litheko tsa motlakase li ile tsa phahama, tsa eketsa litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso haholo mme tsa qobella basebelisi ho fetola maano a bona a litheko.
4.Liphetoho tsa Taolo le Khatello ea Tumelo
Ka 2023, Berlin e kentse ts'ireletso e matla ea data le litlhoko tsa phihlello. Liteishene tse ling tsa ho tjhaja tse hlolehileng ho ntlafatsa sistimi ea tsona ea ho lefa le likarolo tsa phumaneho li ile tsa lefisoa kapa tsa koaloa ka nakoana. Basebelisi ba ile ba tlameha ho eketsa matsete a ho latela melao ho boloka lilaesense tsa bona le ho tsoela pele ho fumana lithuso tsa mmuso.
Mekhoa le Menyetla ea Bokamoso
Kopanyo ea Matla a Tsosolositsoeng
Ka khatello e ntseng e hola ea botsitso, liteishene tse ngata tsa ho tjhaja li kopanya mehloli ea matla e nchafalitsoeng joalo ka letsatsi le moea. Mokhoa ona o thusa ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa nako e telele tsa ts'ebetso le ho theola haholo tlhahiso ea khabone, e leng ho matlafatsang lintlha tse tala tsa opareitara. Jeremane, liteishene tse ling tsa litšebeletso tsa litsela tse kholo li na le lisebelisoa tse kholo tsa photovoltaic le polokelo ea matla, tse nolofalletsang ho itšebetsa motšehare le ho boloka motlakase bosiu. Ho feta moo, ts'ebeliso ea li-grids tse bohlale lekoloi-to-grid (V2G)theknoloji e lumella li-EV ho fepa motlakase ho grid nakong ea tlhokeho e phahameng, ho theha menyetla e mecha ea khoebo le mehloli ea chelete. Ka mohlala, morero oa teko oa V2G Netherlands o nolofalelitse ho phalla ha matla a mabeli pakeng tsa li-EV le marang-rang a motse.
Ho tjhaja Fleet le Khoebo
Ka ho phahama ha liveni tse tsamaisang motlakase, litekesi le likoloi tse palameng, tlhoko ea meaho e ikemetseng ea ho tjhaja e ntse e eketseha ka potlako.Liteishene tsa ho tjhaja ka likepehangata e hloka tlhahiso e phahameng ea matla, kemiso e bohlale, le ho fumaneha ha 24/7, ho tsepamisitse maikutlo ho sebetsa hantle le ho ts'epahala. Mohlala, k'hamphani e 'ngoe e kholo ea thepa London e hahile liteishene tse tjhajang kapele bakeng sa likepe tsa eona tsa motlakase mme e sebelisa litsamaiso tse bohlale ho ntlafatsa linako tsa ho tjhaja le tšebeliso ea matla, e leng ho fokotsa litšenyehelo haholo tsa ts'ebetso. Litlhokahalo tse phahameng tsa ho tjhaja ha likepe tsa khoebo li fa basebetsi mehloli ea chelete e tsitsitseng le e mengata, ha e ntse e tsamaisa lintlafatso tsa theknoloji le lits'ebeletso tse ncha molemong oa ho lefisa.
Maikutlo: Na Liteishene tsa ho Chaja Koloi ea Motlakase ke Monyetla o Molemo?
Monyetla oa khoebo oa liteishene tsa ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase o ba le kholo e matla, e leng se etsang hore e be e 'ngoe ea litsela tse tšepisang ka ho fetisisa tsa matsete makaleng a macha a matla le a bohlale a ho tsamaea. Ts'ehetso ea maano, boqapi ba theknoloji, le tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea basebelisi li fana ka matla a maholo 'marakeng. Ka matsete a tsoelang pele a mmuso ho meralo ya motheo le ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha dithekenoloji tse ntjha tse kang ho tjhaja ka bohlale le ho kopanngwa ha eneji e ka ntjhafatswang, phaello le boleng ba kgwebo ba diteishene tsa ho tjhaja di ntse di eketseha. Bakeng sa basebelisi, ho sebelisa maano a feto-fetohang, a tsamaisoang ke data le ho tsetela pele ho marang-rang a matla, a bohlale a ho tjhaja ho tla ba thusa ho fumana maemo a tlholisano le ho hapa leqhubu la hajoale la menyetla ea khoebo ea ho lefisa. Ka kakaretso, liteishene tsa ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase ntle le pelaelo ke e 'ngoe ea menyetla ea khoebo e khahlang ka ho fetesisa hona joale le lilemong tse tlang.
LBH
1. Ke menyetla efe ea khoebo e nang le phaello e ngata ka ho fetisisa ea ho tjhaja bakeng sa basebetsi ka 2025?
Tsena li kenyelletsa liteishene tsa DC tse tjhafisang ka potlako libakeng tse nang le sephethephethe se phahameng, libaka tse ikemiselitseng tsa ho tjhaja likepe, le liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tse kopantsoeng le mehloli ea matla a ka nchafatsoang, tseo kaofela li ruang molemo ho tsoa ho likhothaletso tsa mmuso.
2. Ke khetha mokhoa o nepahetseng oa khoebo ea ev tjhaja joang bakeng sa sebaka sa ka?
E ela hloko motse-moholo oa hau, mamello ea kotsi, sebaka sa sebaka sa marang-rang le bareki ba shebiloeng. Likhoebo tse kholo li loketse ts'ebetso ea batho bohle, athe li-SME le bomasepala ba ka nahana ka mehlala ea li-franchising kapa tsa litšebelisano.
3. Ke mathata afe a ka sehloohong a tobaneng le liteishene tsa ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase 'maraka oa menyetla ea khoebo?
Tsena li kenyelletsa liphetoho tse potlakileng tsa theknoloji, litšitiso tsa marang-rang, ho latela melao, le tlholisano e ntseng e eketseha libakeng tsa litoropo.
4. Na ho na le khoebo ea liteishene tsa ho tjhaja motlakase tse rekisoang 'marakeng? Ke lokela ho sheba eng ha ke kenya chelete?
Ho na le likhoebo tse teng tsa liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tse rekisoang 'marakeng. Pele o tsetela, o lokela ho lekola ts'ebeliso ea sebaka sa marang-rang, boemo ba lisebelisoa, lekeno la nalane le bokhoni ba nts'etsopele ea mebaraka ea lehae.
5. Mokhoa oa ho eketsa phaello ea matsete ho menyetla ea khoebo ea ev?
Leano la libaka, lithuso tsa leano, mefuta e fapaneng ea lekeno le matsete a ka mpefalang, a tla paka kamoso ke tsa bohlokoa.
Mehloli e Matla
Maikutlo a IEA Global EV 2023
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Setsi sa Machaba sa Matla (IEA) Pono ea Likoloi tsa Motlakase tsa Lefatše
BloombergNEF Pono ea Likoloi tsa Motlakase
Lefapha la U.S. Setsi sa Boitsebiso ba Mafura a Metsi a Mang
Nako ea poso: Apr-24-2025