Na marang-rang a hau a ho tjhaja EV a aparetsoe ke ho hloleha khafetsa? A na u tšoenyehile hore litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa tlhokomelo ea sebaka sa marang-rang li senya phaello ea hau? Basebelisi ba bangata ba Charge Point Operators (CPOs) ba tobane le mathata ana.
Re fana kaTÜV Li-charger tse netefalitsoeng tsa EV, lihlahisoa tse sa tsamaellaneng feela le litekanyetso tse tiileng tsa polokeho ea machaba empa hape li netefatsaEV Charger tšepahala. Ka liteko tsa indasteri le ho fana ka setifikeiti, re u thusa ho fokotsa haholo Kakaretso ea Litšenyehelo tsa Bolaoli ba hau (TCO).
Tafole ea likateng
Mathata a Mane a Motheo: Sekhahla sa ho Hlōleha, Kopanyo, Phallo, le Tšireletso
Ho amoheloa ha likoloi tsa motlakase ho etsahala ka potlako. Leha ho le joalo, basebetsi ba fanang ka litšebeletso tsa ho tjhaja ba tobane le khatello e matla. Ba tlameha ho lula ba tiisetsa seteisheneng sa ho tjhajaNako ea ho qetela. Ho hloleha hofe kapa hofe ho bolela ho lahleheloa ke chelete le ho fokotseha hoa boleng ba khoebo.
1. Litefello Tse Tsoang ho Taolo le Litšenyehelo tse Feteletseng tsa Tlhokomelo
Ho hlokomela setšeng ke e 'ngoe ea litšenyehelo tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa CPO. Haeba tjhaja hangata e tima ka lebaka la liphoso tse nyane, o tlameha ho lefa litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa basebetsi le tsa maeto. Indasteri e bitsa lihlopha tsena tse sa sebetseng "Zombie Chargers." Litefiso tse phahameng tsa ho hloleha ka kotloloho li lebisa ho Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) e phahameng haholo. Lintlha tsa liphuputso ho tsoa ho National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) li bontša hore liphephetso tsa ho tšepahala, haholo-holo bakeng sa litjhaja tsa Level 2 tsa sechaba, li hlolla, 'me litekanyetso tsa ho hlōleha libakeng tse ling li fihla ho 20% -30%, tse fetang hōle maemo a tloaelehileng a indasteri ea matla.
2. Kopanyo ea Marang-rang le e Kotsi e Phahameng
Li-CPO li hloka ho kopanya lisebelisoa tse ncha ka mokhoa o se nang moeli ho Lits'ebetso tsa tsona tsa Charge Management System (CMS). Haeba firmware e fanoeng ke OEM e sa tloaeleha kapa puisano e sa tsitsa, ts'ebetso ea ho kopanya e ka nka likhoeli. Sena se liehisa ho romelloa ha 'maraka oa hau mme se eketsa kotsi ea ho hloleha ha sistimi.
3. Litšitiso tsa Setifikeiti ho Phallo ea Meeli e Felletseng
Haeba u rera ho hola lefatšeng ka bophara kapa ho potoloha libaka, 'maraka o mong le o mong o mocha o hloka likhoutu tse fapaneng tsa motlakase le litekanyetso tsa polokeho. Setifikeiti se pheta-phetoang le litokiso ha li je nako feela empa hape li eketsa haholo litšenyehelo tsa chelete ea pele.
4. Ho hlokomolohuoa Motlakase le Cybersecurity
Licheja li sebetsa ka ntle 'me li tlameha ho mamella maemo a leholimo a mabe. Ka nako e le 'ngoe, e le karolo ea marang-rang a motlakase, ba tlameha ho ba le tšireletso e feletseng ea motlakase (mohlala, lehalima le tšireletso ea ho lutla). Bofokoli ba Cybersecurity le bona bo ka lebisa ho tlolo ea data kapa litlhaselo tsa sistimi e hole.
Nomoro ea bopaki bona keN8A 1338090001 Rev. 00. Bopaki bona bo fanoe ka boithaopo ho ea ka Low Voltage Directive (2014/35/EU), e netefatsang hore seteishene sa hau sa ho tjhaja koloi ea motlakase sa AC se lumellana le litlhoko tsa mantlha tsa tšireletso. Ho sheba lintlha le ho netefatsa bonnete le bonnete ba bopaki bona, u ka khonaTobetsa ho Tsamaea ka ho Otloloha
Setifikeiti sa TÜV se Mamella Joang ho Tšepahala ho Charger ea EV?
Ho tšepahala ho phahameng hase feela tleleime e se nang letho; e tlameha ho hlaka le ho netefatsoa ka setifikeiti se nang le matla.TÜV Li-charger tse netefalitsoeng tsa EVemela boitlamo bo sa thekeseleng ba boleng.
Tšusumetso ea Lefatše ea TÜV Mokhatlo
TÜV (, Technical Inspection Association) ke sehlopha se etelletseng pele lefatšeng ka bophara sa tlhahlobo, tlhahlobo le setifikeiti se nang le nalane ea lilemo tse fetang 150.
•European Standard Setter:TÜV e na le metso e tebileng Jeremane le Europe, e sebetsa e le matla a bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore lihlahisoa li lumellana le litlhoko tsa EU's Low Voltage Directive (LVD) le Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC). Ka setifikeiti sa TÜV, bahlahisi ba ka fana ka se hlokahalang habonoloPhatlalatso ea Tumellano ea EU (DoC)'me u sebelise letšoao la CE.
•Pasepoto ea Mmaraka:Lefatšeng ka bophara, haholo-holo 'marakeng oa Europe, letšoao la TÜV ke letšoao la boleng le polokeho. Ha e sebetse feela joalo ka phasepoto ea ho kena 'marakeng empa hape e le motheo oa ts'epo har'a basebelisi ba ho qetela le lik'hamphani tsa inshorense.
Setifikeiti sa TÜV se netefatsa Joang Hore Sehlahisoa se tšoarella?
Teko ea setifikeiti sa TÜV e fetela hole ho feta litlhoko tsa mantlha. E netefatsa ts'ebetso ea tjhaja tlas'a maemo a feteletseng ka liteko tse matla tsa tikoloho le tsa motlakase.
| Metric | Ntho ea Tlhahlobo ea Setifikeiti | Boemo ba Teko & Boemo |
|---|---|---|
| Nako e Bolelang Pakeng tsa ho Failures (MTBF) netefatso | Tlhahlobo ea Bophelo e Akofisitsoeng (ALT): Ho matha tlas'a khatello ea maikutlo e feteletseng ho lekola nako e lebelletsoeng ea bophelo ea likarolo tsa bohlokoa (mohlala, li-relay, likhokahano). | MTBF> lihora tse 25,000,ho fokotsa haholo maeto a ho lokisa setšengle ho theola liphoso tsa L2 ka 70%. |
| Teko ea Mamello ea Tikoloho | Lipotoloho tsa mocheso o feteletseng (mohlala, −30∘C ho ea +55∘C),Ho pepeseha ha mahlaseli a mahlaseli a kotsi (UV)., le liteko tsa ho bola ha moholi oa letsoai. | Ho eketsa nako ea bophelo ea lisebelisoa tsa kantleka 2+lilemo, ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng maemong a fapaneng a leholimo a thata, le ho qoba ho theoha ka lebaka la maemo a tikoloho. |
| Netefatso ea Degree ea Tšireletso (IP Rating). | Netefatso e tiileng ea litekanyetso tsa IP55 kapa IP65, ho sebelisoa lijete tsa metsi tse nang le khatello e phahameng le liteko tsa ho kenella ka lerōle. | Ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng nakong ea pula ea litloebelele le lerōle. Mohlala, IP65 e tiisa hore sesebelisoa ha se na lerōle ka botlalo 'me se sirelelitsoe khahlano le lijete tsa metsi tse nang le khatello e tlase ho tloha kae kapa kae. |
| Tšireletso le Tšireletso ea Motlakase | Ho hlahlojoa ha Lisebelisoa tsa Residual Current (RCCB), ho hanyetsa ho kenya letsoho, tšireletso e feteletseng, letshireletso ya motlakaseho latela EN IEC 61851-1: 2019. | Ho fana ka boemo bo holimo ba polokeho ea basebelisi le ts'ireletso ea thepa, ho fokotsa likotsi tsa molao le litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa matšeliso ka lebaka la liphoso tsa motlakase. |
| Tšebelisano-'moho | Netefatso ea segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo, liprothokholo tsa puisano, letshebeletsano e sireletsehilengka mefuta e fapaneng ea EV le grid. | Ho netefatsa ho lumellana le mefuta e fapaneng ea EV, ho fokotsa litlaleho tsa "tefiso li hlōlehile" tse bakoang ke ho hlōleha ha puisano ka letsoho. |
Ka ho khetha lihlahisoa tsa TÜV tse netefalitsoeng tsa Linkpower, u khetha lisebelisoa tse nang le nako e telele le litlhoko tse fokolang tsa tlhokomelo. Sena se fokotsa ka ho toba haoLitšenyehelo tsa Ts'ebetso le Tlhokomelo (O&M)..
Litiisetso tse Tloaelehileng tsa ho Kopanya le ho Tsamaisa
Seteishene sa ho tjhaja se hlahisa chelete feela ka mor'a hore se kopane le marang-rang mme se sebelisoe ka katleho. Tharollo ea rona ea OEM e nolofatsa mehato ena ka bobeli.
Tumellano ea OCPP: Khokahano ea Marang-rang ea Plug-and-Play
Seteishene sa ho tjhaja se tlameha ho khona ho "bua." Open Charge Point Protocol () ke puo e nolofalletsang puisano pakeng tsa tjhaja le sethala sa CMS.
• OCPP 2.0.1 Tumellano:Tsa ronaTÜV Li-charger tse netefalitsoeng tsa EVsebelisa tsa morao-raoOCPP protocol. OCPP 2.0.1 e hlahisa likarolo tse matlafalitsoeng tsa ts'ireletso le taolo e fetang ea granular transaction, e netefatsang puisano e se nang moeli le sethala sefe kapa sefe sa mantlha sa CMS 'marakeng.
•Kotsi e Fokotseng ea Kopanyo:Bula $\text{API}$s le li-module tsa puisano tse tloaelehileng li fokotsa nako ea ho kopanya ho tloha likhoeling ho isa libekeng. Sehlopha sa hau sa tekheniki se ka phethela tšebetso kapele, se tsepamisitse matla a sona kholong ea khoebo.
•Taolo ea Remote:Protocol ea OCPP e ts'ehetsa tlhahlobo e rarahaneng ea hole le liapdeite tsa firmware. U ka rarolla 80% ea mathata a software ntle le ho romela setsebi.
Tumellano ea Lefatše: Ho Potlakisa Katoloso ea Mmaraka oa Hau
Joaloka molekane oa hau oa OEM, re fana ka ts'ebeletso ea setifikeiti ea sebaka se le seng. Ha ho hlokahale hore u rale hardware bocha bakeng sa naha kapa sebaka se seng le se seng.
•Setifikeiti se ikhethileng:Re fana ka mefuta e ikhethileng ho fihlela litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa setifikeiti bakeng sa mebaraka e meholo joalo ka Amerika Leboea (UL), Europe (CE/TUV). Sena se potlakisa nako ea hau ea ho ea Marakeng haholo.
•Tlhahiso e Tšoeu le ho Fetolana ha Brand:Re fana ka lisebelisoa tsa li-label tse tšoeu le Interface ea Mosebelisi e ikhethileng (UI/UX). Boitsebahatso ba lebitso la hau le boiphihlelo ba basebelisi li lula li tsitsitse lefatšeng ka bophara, li matlafatsa kananelo ea lebitso.
Kamoo Likarolo Tse Bohlale li Finyellang Katleho ea TCO le Phokotso ea Litšenyehelo
Phaello ea CPO qetellong e ipapisitse le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa matla le ts'ebetso. Lihlahisoa tsa rona li na le mesebetsi e bohlale e hahelletsoeng ka hare e etselitsoeng ho e fihlela ka kotlolohoPhokotso ea Litšenyehelo tsa CPO.
Taolo ea Moroalo o Matla (DLM) e Fokotsa Likoloto tsa Motlakase Haholo
ke tšobotsi ea bohlokoa ea ho boloka litšenyehelo. E sebelisa li-algorithms tse bohlale ho tsoela pele ho beha leihlo boima ba motlakase oa moaho kapa sebaka sa marang-rang ka nako ea nnete.
•Qoba Likotlo tsa Boipheliso bo Feteletseng:Nakong ea lihora tsa tlhokeho e phahameng,DLM ka matlae lokisa kapa e fokotsa matla a tjhaja a itseng. Sena se etsa bonnete ba hore kakaretso ea tšebeliso ea matla ha e fete matla a konteraka le k'hamphani ea litšebeletso.
•Palo ea Taolo:Ho ea ka lipatlisiso tsa boeletsi ba matla, ts'ebetsong e nepahetseng ea DLM e ka thusa basebetsi ka karolelanopolokelongea 15%−30% ka holimoBatla Litefiso. Ho boloka hona ho fana ka boleng ba nako e telele ho feta litšenyehelo tsa pele tsa Hardware.
•Keketseho ea Puseletso ho Investment (ROI):Ka ho ntlafatsa ts'ebeliso e ntle ea matla, liteishene tsa hau tsa ho tjhaja li ka sebeletsa likoloi tse ngata ntle le ho ba le litšenyehelo tse ling, ka hona tsa eketsa phaello e akaretsang ea matsete a hau.
Kamoo Setifikeiti se Fetolelang Kateng Ho Boloka Litšenyehelo
| Opereishene Pain Point | Tharollo ea rona ea OEM | Setifikeiti / Tech Guarantee | Tšusumetso ea Phokotso ea Litšenyehelo |
|---|---|---|---|
| Litšenyehelo tse Phahameng tsa Tlhokomelo Setšeng | Lisebelisoa tsa MTBF tse phahameng haholole Remote Diagnostics | Setifikeiti sa TÜV(Tikoloho Endurance) | Fokotsa ho romelloa ha liphoso tsa Level 2 sebakeng sa marang-rang ka 70%. |
| Litefiso tse phahameng tsa Motlakase / Litlhoko | E kenyelelitsoeTaolo ea Moroalo o Matla (DLM) | Smart Software le Methara Kopanyo | Karolelano ea 15%−30% ea ho boloka litšenyehelo tsa matla. |
| Kotsi ea ho Kopanya Sistimi | OCPP 2.0.1Compliance le Open API | EN IEC 61851-1 Tekanyetso | Potlakisa ho romelloa ka 50%, fokotsa nako ea ho lokisa mathata ka 80%. |
| Phetoho ea Thepa Khafetsa | Sebaka sa Indasteri sa IP65 Enclosure | Setifikeiti sa TÜV(Teko ea IP) | Eketsa bophelo ba lisebelisoa ka lilemo tse 2+, fokotsa tšebeliso ea chelete. |
Khetha Linkpower 'me u hapele' maraka
Ho khetha aTÜV Li-charger tse netefalitsoeng tsa EVMolekane oa OEM o bolela ho khetha boleng, ho tšepahala, le phaello. Boleng ba rona ba mantlha ke ho u thusa ho tsepamisa matla a hau ts'ebetsong le boiphihlelong ba mosebelisi, eseng ho khathatsoa ke liphoso le litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo.
Re fana ka lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja tse netefalitsoeng ka molao, tse khonang ho u thusafokotsa litšenyehelo tsa O&M kale ho akofisa thomelo lefatšeng ka bophara.
Ka kopo ikopanye le sehlopha sa litsebi tsa Linkpowerhanghang ho fumana tharollo ea hau ea ho tjhaja EV.
LBH
1.Q: U lekanya joang ho ts'epahala ha tjhaja le ho netefatsa sekhahla se tlase sa ho hloleha?
A:Re nka ho tšepahala e le motheo oa tšebeletso ea rona. Re lekanya boleng ba sehlahisoa ka thataSetifikeiti sa TÜVleAccelerated Life Testing(ALT). Tsa ronaTÜV Li-charger tse netefalitsoeng tsa EVho ba le MTBF (Nako e Bolelang lipakeng tsa ho Hlōleha) e fetang lihora tse 25,000, e phahameng haholo ho feta karolelano ea indasteri. Setifikeiti sena se tiisa hore likarolo tsohle tsa bohlokoa, ho tloha ho li-relay ho ea ho li-clairs, li na le nako e telele haholo, li fokotsa litlhoko tsa hau tsa tlhokomelo ea sebaka sa marang-rang le ho theola 70% ea liphoso tsa L2.
2.Q: Lijaja tsa hau li hokahana joang ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng le Sistimi ea rona ea Taolo ea Tefiso (CMS)?
A:Re netefatsa khokahano ea marang-rang ea plug-and-play. Lijaja tsa rona tse bohlale li lumellana ka botlalo le tsa morao-raoOCPP 2.0.1maemo. Sena se bolela hore lisebelisoa tsa rona tsa thepa li ka buisana ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng le ka ts'epo le sethala sefe kapa sefe se tloaelehileng sa CMS. Re fana ka $\text{API}$s e bulehileng le li-module tsa puisano tse tloaelehileng tse sa potlakiseng thomello ea hau feela empa hape li tšehetsa ho rarahana.tlhahlobo ea hole le liapdeite tsa firmware, e u lumellang ho rarolla mathata a mangata a software ntle le ho romela setsebi.
3.Q: Lihlahisoa tsa hau li ka re pholosa bokae ka litšenyehelo tsa matla (motlakase)?
A:Lihlahisoa tsa rona li fokotsa litšenyehelo ka ho toba ka likarolo tse bohlale tse hahelletsoeng ka hare. Lichaja tsohle tse bohlale li na le lisebelisoaTsamaiso e Matla ea Mojaro (DLM)tshebetso. Karolo ena e sebelisa li-algorithms tse bohlale ho beha leihlo mojaro oa motlakase ka nako ea 'nete, e fetola matla a tsoang nakong ea lihora tse phahameng haholo ho thibela ho feta matla a konteraka le ho ba le maemo a holimo.Batla Litefiso. Likhakanyo tsa bolaoli li bontša hore ts'ebetsong e nepahetseng ea DLM e ka thusa basebetsi ka karolelanopolokelongea 15%−30% ea litšenyehelo tsa matla.
4.Q: U sebetsana joang le litlhoko tse rarahaneng tsa setifikeiti ha u tsamaisa limmarakeng tse fapaneng tsa lefatše?
A:Setifikeiti sa ho tšela moeli ha e sa le mokoallo. Joaloka molekane ea hloahloa oa OEM, re fana ka ts'ehetso ea sebaka se le seng sa setifikeiti. Re na le mehlala le boiphihlelo bo ikhethileng bo koahelang litifikeiti tse kholo tsa lefats'e joalo kaTÜV, UL, TR25 ,UTLand CE. Re etsa bonnete ba hore lisebelisoa tsa hau tse khethiloeng li kopana le litekanyetso tse ikhethileng tsa motlakase le polokeho 'marakeng oo u o batlang, ho qoba liteko tse sa hlokahaleng le liphetoho tsa moralo, ka hona, haholo.ho potlakisa Nako ea ho ea Marakeng.
5.Q: U fana ka lits'ebeletso life tsa ho iketsetsa le ho etsa marang-rang bakeng sa bareki ba OEM?
A:Re fana ka kakaretsoWhite-Labellits'ebeletso ho netefatsa hore mofuta oa hau o tsitsitse. Likoahelo tsa tloaelo: bokantle ba Hardware ('mala, Logo, thepa), tlhophiso ea software bakeng saMosebelisi(UI/UX), le mokhoa o ikhethileng oa ts'ebetso ea firmware. Sena se bolela hore o ka fana ka boiphihlelo bo kopaneng ba marang-rang le tšebelisano ea basebelisi lefats'eng ka bophara, ka hona ho matlafatsa kananelo ea lebitso le bots'epehi ba bareki.
Mohloli oa Matla
1.TÜV Nalane ea Mokhatlo le Tšusumetso ea Europe: TÜV SÜD - Mabapi le Rōna le Litaelo
•Sehokelo: https://www.tuvsud.com/en/about-us
2.MTBF/ALT Mokhoa oa Teko: IEEE Reliability Society - Tlhahlobo ea Bophelo e Potlakileng
•Sehokelo: https://standards.ieee.org/
3.OCPP 2.0.1 Tlhaloso le Melemo: Open Charge Alliance (OCA) - OCPP 2.0.1 Tlhaloso ea Semolao
•Sehokelo: https://www.openchargealliance.org/protocol/ocpp-201/
4.Global Litlhoko tsa Setifikeiti Papiso: IEC - Electrotechnical Standards for EV Charging
•Sehokelo: h ttps://www.iec.ch/
Nako ea poso: Oct-13-2025