Ha phetoho ea lefats'e ea moruo oa khabone e tlase le matla a tala a ntse a potlaka, mebuso ho pota lefatše e khothaletsa tšebeliso ea mahlale a matla a ka nchafatsoang. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase le lisebelisoa tse ling, ho 'nile ha e-ba le ho tšoenyeha ho ntseng ho eketseha ka mefokolo ea marang-rang a tloaelehileng a matla ho latela tšusumetso ea tikoloho le botsitso ba phepelo ea motlakase. Ka ho kopanya mahlale a ka nchafalitsoeng a li-microgrid ho litsamaiso tsa ho tjhaja, ha se feela hore ho itšetleha ka libeso tsa khale ho ka fokotsoa, empa hape le ho tiea le ho sebetsa hantle ha sistimi eohle ea matla ho ka ntlafatsoa. Pampiri ena e hlahloba mekhoa e metle ea ho kopanya lits'ebetso tsa ho tjhaja ka li-microgrid tse nchafalitsoeng ho tsoa mekhoeng e mengata: kopanyo ea ho tjhaja lapeng, lintlafatso tsa theknoloji ea seteishene sa ho tjhaja sechaba, mefuta e fapaneng ea ts'ebeliso ea matla, ts'ehetso ea grid le maano a ho fokotsa kotsi, le tšebelisano ea indasteri bakeng sa mahlale a tlang.
Kopanyo ea Matla a Tsosolositsoeng ho Tefisoa ka Lapeng
Ka ho phahama ha likoloi tsa motlakase (EVs),Ho tjhaja lapenge fetohile karolo ea bohlokoa bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi ba basebelisi. Leha ho le joalo, tefiso ea lehae ea setso hangata e itšetleha ka motlakase oa grid, oo hangata o kenyelletsang mehloli ea mafura, e fokotsang melemo ea tikoloho ea li-EV. Ho etsa hore tefiso ea lapeng e tšoarelle, basebelisi ba ka kopanya matla a ka nchafatsoang lits'ebetsong tsa bona. Ka mohlala, ho kenya lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi kapa li-turbine tse nyenyane tsa moea lapeng ho ka fana ka matla a hloekileng bakeng sa ho tjhaja ha ho ntse ho fokotsa ho itšetleha ka matla a tloaelehileng. Ho ea ka Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Matla (IEA), tlhahiso ea letsatsi la lefats'e ea photovoltaic e ile ea eketseha ka 22% ka 2022, e totobatsang tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea matla a tsosolositsoeng.
Ho fokotsa litšenyehelo le ho khothaletsa mofuta ona, basebelisi ba khothaletsoa ho sebelisana le bahlahisi bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse kopantsoeng le litheolelo tsa ho kenya. Patlisiso e tsoang ho US National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) e bonts'a hore ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi tsa lapeng bakeng sa ho tjhaja EV ho ka fokotsa tlhahiso ea khabone ka 30% -50%, ho ipapisitse le motsoako oa matla a grid ea lehae. Ho feta moo, liphanele tsa letsatsi li ka boloka matla a mangata a letsatsi bakeng sa ho tjhaja bosiu, ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea matla. Mokhoa ona ha o fokotse tšebeliso ea mafura a khale feela empa hape o pholosa basebelisi litšenyehelo tsa nako e telele tsa motlakase.
Lintlafatso tsa Theknoloji bakeng sa Liteishene tsa ho Chafisa Sechaba
Liteishene tsa ho tjhaja sechabali bohlokoa ho basebelisi ba EV, 'me bokhoni ba bona ba theknoloji bo ama ka kotloloho boiphihlelo ba ho tjhaja le liphetho tsa tikoloho. Ho matlafatsa ts'ebetso, ho khothaletsoa hore liteishene li ntlafale ho isa ho lisistimi tsa motlakase tsa mekhahlelo e meraro ho ts'ehetsa theknoloji ea ho tjhaja kapele. Ho latela litekanyetso tsa matla tsa Europe, litsamaiso tsa mekhahlelo e meraro li fana ka matla a phahameng ho feta a mokhahlelo o le mong, ho fokotsa linako tsa ho tjhaja ka tlase ho metsotso e 30, ho ntlafatsa haholo boiketlo ba basebelisi. Leha ho le joalo, lintlafatso tsa grid feela ha lia lekana bakeng sa ts'ebetso - matla a ka nchafatsoang le litharollo tsa polokelo li tlameha ho hlahisoa.
Matla a letsatsi le a moea a loketse liteishene tsa ho tjhaja sechaba. Ho kenya liphanele tsa letsatsi marulelong a liteishene kapa ho beha li-turbine tsa moea haufinyane ho ka fana ka matla a hloekileng a tsitsitseng. Ho kenya libeteri tsa polokelo ea matla ho lumella matla a mangata a letsatsi hore a bolokehe bakeng sa tšebeliso ea bosiu kapa ea lihora tse phahameng. BloombergNEF e tlaleha hore litšenyehelo tsa betri ea polokelo ea matla li theohile hoo e ka bang 90% lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, tseo hona joale li leng ka tlase ho $ 150 ka kilowatt-hora, e leng se etsang hore thepa e kholo e khonehe moruong. California, liteishene tse ling li amohetse mofuta ona, li fokotsa ts'epo ea grid esita le ho ts'ehetsa grid nakong ea tlhokeho e phahameng, ho fihlela ntlafatso ea matla a mabeli.
Lisebelisoa tse Fapaneng tsa Matla a Mang
Ka ntle ho letsatsi le moea, ho tjhaja EV ho ka kena mehloling e meng ea matla ho fihlela litlhoko tse fapaneng. Li-biofuels, khetho ea carbon-neutral e nkiloeng limela kapa litšila tsa tlhaho, e lumellana le liteishene tse hlokang matla a mangata. Lintlha tsa Lefapha la Matla la US li bonts'a tlhahiso ea khabone ea biofuel e tlase ka 50% ho feta mafura a khale, ka theknoloji ea tlhahiso e holileng. Motlakase o nang le metsi a manyenyane o lekana libaka tse haufi le linōka kapa linōka; le hoja e le nyenyane, e fana ka matla a tsitsitseng bakeng sa liteishene tse nyenyane.
Lisele tsa mafura a hydrogen, e leng thekenoloji e sa ntšeng mosi, li ntse li eketseha. Ba hlahisa motlakase ka hydrogen-oxygen reactions, ho finyella katleho e fetang 60% - ho feta 25% -30% ea lienjini tsa setso. The International Hydrogen Energy Council e hlokomela hore, ntle le ho sebelisana hantle le tikoloho, lisele tsa mafura tsa haedrojene tse tlatsang mafura ka potlako li tšoanela li-EV tsa mosebetsi o boima kapa liteishene tse nang le sephethephethe se phahameng. Merero ea liteko tsa Europe e kentse haedrojene liteisheneng tsa ho tjhaja, e bonts'a bokhoni ba eona mefuteng e tlang ea matla. Likhetho tse fapaneng tsa matla li ntlafatsa ho ikamahanya le maemo a sebaka le boemo ba leholimo bo fapaneng.
Tlatsetso ea Grid le Maano a ho Fokotsa Kotsi
Libakeng tse nang le matla a fokolang a marang-rang kapa likotsi tse phahameng tsa ho tima motlakase, ho itšetleha feela ka marang-rang ho ka fokola. Sistimi ea matla le polokelo e kantle ho grid e fana ka tlatsetso ea bohlokoa. Litlhophiso tse kantle ho grid, tse tsamaisoang ke matla a letsatsi a ikemetseng kapa li-unit tsa moea, li netefatsa ho tsoela pele ho tjhaja nakong ea ho tima. Lintlha tsa Lefapha la Matla la US li bonts'a hore phepelo e pharalletseng ea polokelo ea matla e ka fokotsa likotsi tsa tšitiso ea grid ka 20% -30% ha e ntse e matlafatsa ts'epo ea phepelo.
Lithuso tsa 'muso tse kopantsoeng le matsete a poraefete ke senotlolo sa leano lena. Mohlala, likalimo tsa lekhetho la mmuso oa US li fana ka liphallelo tse fihlang ho 30% bakeng sa polokelo le merero e ka nchafatsoang, e bebofatsa meroalo ea matsete ea pele. Ho feta moo, litsamaiso tsa polokelo li ka ntlafatsa litšenyehelo ka ho boloka matla ha litheko li le tlase le ho li lokolla nakong ea litlhōrō. Taolo ena e bohlale ea matla e matlafatsa botsitso 'me e fana ka melemo ea moruo bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea nako e telele ea liteishene.
Tšebelisano-'moho indastering le Future Technologies
Ho kopanya ho tebileng ha ho tjhaja ka li-microgrid tse nchafalitsoeng ho hloka ho fetang ho nchafatsoa - tšebelisano-mmoho ea indasteri e bohlokoa. Likhamphani tse tjhajang li lokela ho sebelisana 'moho le bafani ba matla, baetsi ba lisebelisoa, le mekhatlo ea lipatlisiso ho theha litharollo tsa morao-rao. Litsamaiso tse nyalisitsoeng tsa moea-solar, li sebelisa matla a tlatsetso ea mehloli ka bobeli, li netefatsa matla a bosiu le motšehare. Morero oa Europe oa "Horizon 2020" o beha mohlala oa sena, o kopanya moea, letsatsi le polokelo ho microgrid e sebetsang hantle bakeng sa liteishene tsa ho tjhaja.
Theknoloji e bohlale ea grid e fana ka menyetla e meng. Ka ho beha leihlo le ho sekaseka datha ka nako ea nnete, e ntlafatsa kabo ea matla lipakeng tsa liteishene le grid. Bafofisi ba lifofane ba US ba bonts'a li-grids tse bohlale li ka fokotsa litšila tsa matla ka 15% -20% ha li ntse li eketsa ts'ebetso ea seteishene. Litšebelisano tsena le likhatelopele tsa theknoloji li matlafatsa tlholisano e tsitsitseng le ho ntlafatsa boiphihlelo ba basebelisi.
Nako ea poso: Feb-28-2025